Ranked lists

Canadian cities, ranked.

Factual rankings of the 41 census metropolitan areas on one measure at a time. A higher or lower rank is not a judgment about a place.

Data 2021 CensusNext update Census 2026 (from Feb. 2027)

Highest share of immigrants

Immigrant status and period of immigration

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Toronto	46.6%	2,862,850
Vancouver	41.8%	1,089,185
Calgary	31.5%	460,875
Abbotsford - Mission	26.1%	50,085
Edmonton	26.0%	363,910
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	25.8%	146,575
Hamilton	25.6%	197,845
Winnipeg	25.4%	207,950
Montréal	24.3%	1,022,940
Windsor	23.3%	96,910
Guelph	22.7%	37,100
Oshawa	22.3%	91,815
London	21.6%	115,600
Ottawa - Gatineau	21.4%	313,845
Victoria	18.9%	73,345

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Highest share of recent immigrants (2016–2021)

Immigrant status and period of immigration

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Toronto	6.4%	391,680
Regina	6.1%	14,980
Vancouver	5.9%	154,820
Calgary	5.8%	85,620
Winnipeg	5.7%	46,500
Saskatoon	5.6%	17,515
Edmonton	5.3%	74,700
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	4.9%	27,780
Moncton	4.2%	6,460
Ottawa - Gatineau	4.0%	58,295
Red Deer	4.0%	3,920
Halifax	3.9%	18,135
Montréal	3.9%	162,255
London	3.8%	20,495
Windsor	3.8%	15,830

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Most multilingual: non-official home language

Language spoken most often at home (single responses)

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Vancouver	27.6%	722,625
Toronto	26.3%	1,617,795
Abbotsford - Mission	20.9%	40,375
Calgary	17.4%	255,255
Winnipeg	15.3%	126,630
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	14.9%	85,215
Edmonton	14.3%	200,740
Montréal	13.2%	559,410
Windsor	12.6%	52,625
Hamilton	11.3%	87,720
London	11.1%	59,815
Regina	10.9%	26,760
Guelph	10.6%	17,410
Saskatoon	10.5%	32,845
Ottawa - Gatineau	9.8%	144,655

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Non-official mother tongue

Mother tongue (single responses)

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Vancouver	42.4%	1,110,720
Toronto	42.2%	2,600,965
Abbotsford - Mission	30.1%	58,260
Calgary	27.7%	406,585
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	25.8%	147,425
Winnipeg	25.1%	207,225
Edmonton	23.8%	334,150
Montréal	23.3%	990,820
Windsor	22.7%	95,050
Hamilton	22.2%	172,220
London	20.2%	108,670
Guelph	19.5%	32,125
Ottawa - Gatineau	18.5%	272,795
Saskatoon	17.5%	54,935
Regina	17.2%	42,370

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Highest visible minority share

Visible minority

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Toronto	57.0%	3,501,275
Vancouver	54.5%	1,420,270
Calgary	38.8%	567,960
Abbotsford - Mission	35.4%	67,980
Edmonton	33.0%	461,580
Winnipeg	31.5%	258,190
Oshawa	28.0%	115,220
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	28.0%	158,810
Montréal	27.2%	1,143,825
Ottawa - Gatineau	26.4%	386,925
Regina	23.7%	58,055
Windsor	23.6%	98,220
Hamilton	23.5%	182,115
Guelph	23.4%	38,235
London	23.4%	125,125

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Highest share of non-permanent residents

Immigrant status and period of immigration

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Vancouver	5.1%	133,275
Toronto	4.1%	249,980
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	3.9%	22,250
Montréal	3.8%	161,680
Halifax	3.7%	17,040
London	3.7%	19,560
Winnipeg	3.7%	30,220
Moncton	3.1%	4,775
Abbotsford - Mission	3.0%	5,840
Regina	2.5%	6,155
Kamloops	2.5%	2,750
Ottawa - Gatineau	2.4%	35,160
Windsor	2.2%	9,255
Thunder Bay	2.2%	2,710
Victoria	2.2%	8,730

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Most transit commuting

Main mode of commuting

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Toronto	15.6%	290,400
Montréal	15.3%	239,280
Vancouver	14.9%	146,055
Ottawa - Gatineau	9.7%	41,985
Winnipeg	8.4%	27,825
Calgary	7.9%	40,670
Québec	7.8%	24,565
Halifax	7.7%	12,610
Victoria	7.7%	11,275
Hamilton	6.5%	16,535
Edmonton	6.1%	33,000
Oshawa	5.1%	6,910
Kingston	4.9%	2,810
London	4.9%	8,925
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	4.6%	9,110

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Highest median rent

Housing costs (2021)

Metropolitan area	Share	People
Toronto	$1,540	–
Barrie	$1,530	–
Vancouver	$1,500	–
Kelowna	$1,450	–
Oshawa	$1,370	–
Guelph	$1,350	–
Calgary	$1,350	–
Victoria	$1,350	–
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo	$1,300	–
Edmonton	$1,290	–
Nanaimo	$1,250	–
Kingston	$1,240	–
Ottawa - Gatineau	$1,230	–
Hamilton	$1,210	–
Abbotsford - Mission	$1,180	–

Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population.

Communities

Top 20 cities by community.

Indian Punjabi Filipino Chinese Sri Lankan Tamil Nigerian Pakistani Vietnamese Korean Jamaican Iranian Lebanese Mexican Colombian Brazilian Haitian Ukrainian Bangladeshi Afghan Syrian Hong Konger

About this data. Adapted from Statistics Canada. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product. Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population. Counts are randomly rounded to multiples of 5 or 10 and very small areas are suppressed by Statistics Canada; we show those as “not available”. Ethnic or cultural origin allows several answers per person, so shares add up to more than 100%. Origin and language data describe ancestry and language use; they are not a measure of who is Canadian. These pages describe what happened, using official statistics. They do not predict policy, estimate anyone’s chances, or rank communities. See methods and definitions.