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How Canada changed, 2016 to 2021.
Canada grew 5.2% between the 2016 and 2021 censuses. Kelowna grew fastest among metropolitan areas (14%).
Data 2021 CensusNext update Census 2026 (from Feb. 2027)
Population change 2016 to 2021, metropolitan areas
| Metropolitan area | 2016 | 2021 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kelowna | 194,892 | 222,162 | 14% |
| Chilliwack | 101,512 | 113,767 | 12.1% |
| London | 494,069 | 543,551 | 10% |
| Kamloops | 103,811 | 114,142 | 10% |
| Nanaimo | 104,936 | 115,459 | 10% |
| Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo | 523,894 | 575,847 | 9.9% |
| Oshawa | 379,848 | 415,311 | 9.3% |
| Halifax | 426,932 | 465,703 | 9.1% |
| Guelph | 151,984 | 165,588 | 9% |
| Moncton | 144,810 | 157,717 | 8.9% |
| Ottawa - Gatineau | 1,371,576 | 1,488,307 | 8.5% |
| Abbotsford - Mission | 180,518 | 195,726 | 8.4% |
| Barrie | 197,059 | 212,856 | 8% |
| Victoria | 367,770 | 397,237 | 8% |
| Saskatoon | 295,095 | 317,480 | 7.6% |
| Belleville - Quinte West | 103,401 | 111,184 | 7.5% |
| Brantford | 134,203 | 144,162 | 7.4% |
| Edmonton | 1,321,441 | 1,418,118 | 7.3% |
| Vancouver | 2,463,431 | 2,642,825 | 7.3% |
| Sherbrooke | 212,105 | 227,398 | 7.2% |
| Kingston | 161,175 | 172,546 | 7.1% |
| St. Catharines - Niagara | 406,074 | 433,604 | 6.8% |
| Winnipeg | 783,099 | 834,678 | 6.6% |
| Calgary | 1,392,609 | 1,481,806 | 6.4% |
| Windsor | 398,718 | 422,630 | 6% |
| Fredericton | 102,690 | 108,610 | 5.8% |
| Peterborough | 121,721 | 128,624 | 5.7% |
| Lethbridge | 117,394 | 123,847 | 5.5% |
| Regina | 236,695 | 249,217 | 5.3% |
| Hamilton | 747,545 | 785,184 | 5% |
| Drummondville | 97,149 | 101,610 | 4.6% |
| Montréal | 4,104,074 | 4,291,732 | 4.6% |
| Toronto | 5,928,040 | 6,202,225 | 4.6% |
| Québec | 806,406 | 839,311 | 4.1% |
| Saint John | 126,202 | 130,613 | 3.5% |
| Trois-Rivières | 156,042 | 161,489 | 3.5% |
| Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury | 165,958 | 170,605 | 2.8% |
| St. John's | 208,418 | 212,579 | 2% |
| Thunder Bay | 121,621 | 123,258 | 1.3% |
| Red Deer | 100,418 | 100,844 | 0.4% |
| Saguenay | 161,520 | 161,567 | 0% |
Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population. Population counts use 2021 boundaries for both years.
Immigrants living in Canada in 2021, by period of arrival
Share of the 2021 population. Each bar is people who arrived in that period and still lived here.
| Category | Share of residents |
|---|---|
| Before 1980 | 4.2% |
| 1980 to 1990 | 2.5% |
| 1991 to 2000 | 4.2% |
| 2001 to 2010 | 5.3% |
| 2011 to 2015 | 3.1% |
| 2016 to 2021 | 3.7% |
Source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population. The last two periods are five years each, not ten.
Group-by-group change and Census 2026.
We are adding the 2016 Census profile so every origin, language and visible minority page can show change since 2016. Census 2026 results start in February 2027 (immigration and ethnocultural data in October 2027); the Atlas will add a 2026 view and keep 2021 for comparison.